Prices and Wages by Decade: Up through 1779
Links to government documents and primary sources listing retail prices for products and services, as well as wages for common occupations.
Wages in the American colonies up to 1779
WAGES in MASSACHUSETTS
Recommended reading: Colonial Currency in History of Wages in the United States from Colonial Times to 1928.
- Wages in Massachusetts for each year, 1752-1860
Shows prices for each year with an explanation of old tenor and lawful money. Source: Mass. Bureau of Statistics of Labor 16th annual report, starting on p. 45. -
Wages by occupation - Massachusetts, late 1700s.
In 1754, a shoemaker might earn 60¢ per pair
See explanation of how they figured amounts to dollars.- Agricultural laborers 1752-1860, p. 46
- Butchers 1771-1827, p. 48
- Carpenters 1772-1860, p. 48
- Laborers 1752-1860, p. 52
- Masons 1774-1860, p. 55
- Shoemakers 1754-1858, p. 60
- Public construction wages, 1750-1775
Shows daily wages bricklayers, carpenters, and laborers. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review, Jan 1930.
1600s
- Wages in Massachusetts, 1670s
- Wages by occupation - Massachusetts, 1633
Source: Historical statistics of the U.S: colonial times to 1970, p.1196. Further detail on wages in Winthrop's Journal (source). - Potential annual income for unskilled laborer in Massachusetts, 1643
Winthrop's Journal cites a servant who was able to save £25 cash in one year's time. -
- Wages for cutting, mowing, reaping, etc. by the acre. Source: USDA Wages of Farm Labor, published 1892, Bulletin #99, p. 8.
WAGES in CONNECTICUT
Recommended reading: Colonial Currency in History of Wages in the United States from Colonial Times to 1928.
- Wages by occupation - New Haven CT, 1640-1641
Shows wages with and without board. Expressed in £sd. Source: Historical statistics of the U.S: colonial times to 1970, p. 1196.
WAGES in MARYLAND
Recommended reading: Colonial Currency in History of Wages in the United States from Colonial Times to 1928.
- Agricultural laborer wages - Maryland, 1638-1676
Shows the wages in both pounds of tobacco (with its value shown) as well as in shillings and pence. Source: Historical statistics of the U.S: colonial times to 1970, p. 1196. - Indentured servants' labor contracts in Maryland, 1634-1820
The chapter "Indenture and the Custom of the Country" discusses how long one had to work in order to pay off the cost of an ocean voyage to America. Source: Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science (published 1904), p. 37.
WAGES in NEW HAMPSHIRE
Recommended reading: explanation of early money in the Introduction to the book History of old Chester from 1719 to 1869 by Benjamin Chase.
- Clergy
- Educators
- Farm labor and women's wages in 1767. Source: NH BLS, 1872 rpt, p. 29.
- Labor, skilled and unskilled
- A day's wages in 1709. Source: NH BLS, 1872 rpt, p. 13.
- A year's wages in 1732. Source: NH BLS, 1872 rpt, p. 13.
- Military
- Tailor's wages per day in 1738. Source: NH BLS, 1872 rpt, p.14.
- Women's labor for "common work" in 1777. Source: NH BLS, 1872 rpt, p. 20.
WAGES in PENNSYLVANIA
Recommended reading: Colonial Currency in History of Wages in the United States from Colonial Times to 1928.
- Prisoner of war wages and compensation, 1770s
Tells wages paid to prisoners of the Continental Army (usually Hessians). There was at the time high demand for skilled weavers, tailors, shoemakers, stocking-makers, millers, bakers, butchers, carpenters, joiners, smiths, and plasterers. Source: History of Prisoner of War Utilization by the United States Army, 1776-1945, p. 16.
WAGES in RHODE ISLAND
Recommended reading: Colonial Currency in History of Wages in the United States from Colonial Times to 1928.
- Wages by occupation - Rhode Island, 1776 & 1779
- Shows wages with and without board. Expressed in £sd. Source: Historical statistics of the U.S: Colonial times to 1970
- Pay for labor in Rhode Island, 1750s-1770s
See the preface of this book for context and an explanation of the different money systems cited (old tenor, new tenor, lawful money, etc.)- Men's work was valued at 12 shillings per day in 1756
- Mowing was valued at 3 pounds a day in 1759
- Farm labor was valued at 1 pound, 10 shillings [per day] in 1759
- Gardening was valued at 3 pounds per day in 1764
- Carting was valued at 9 shillings (lawful tenor) per day in 1771
- Carting wood was valued at 9 shillings (lawful tenor) per day in 1774
- Mowing was valued at 3 shillings (lawful tenor) per day in 1779
- Clothing makers' pay in Rhode Island
- Pay for weaving fabrics, calculated by the yard, 1755
- Pay for one day of spinning, 1755
- Pay for making a shirt, 1756
- Pay to make a pair of britches, 1777
- Pay to make a coat, 1779
- Housewife labor in Rhode Island "Housewifery" was valued at 25 shillings per week in 1757 and at 50 shillings per week in 1766. Source: original account book from the vicinity of South Kingston, Washington County, RI.
- Wage ceilings established in Rhode Island in response to war-time inflation, 1777
WAGES in SOUTH CAROLINA
Recommended reading: Colonial Currency in History of Wages in the United States from Colonial Times to 1928.
- Wages of selected occupations in South Carolina, 1710
- Shows wages for workers with and without board furnished. Expressed in £sd. Source: Historical statistics of the U.S: colonial times to 1970
WAGES in VIRGINIA
Recommended reading: Colonial Currency in History of Wages in the United States from Colonial Times to 1928.
- Daily Wages of Select Occupations in Virginia, 1621 & 1781
- Shows wages for workers with and without board furnished. Expressed in £sd. Source: Historical statistics of the U.S: colonial times to 1970
- Carpentry and building wages - York County VA, 1733
- Shows the "account of work done" of a 17th century Virginian carpenter. Wages are shown in pounds and shillings as well as the equivalent in 1930 US dollars in brackets. Source: BLS Monthly labor review, Jan 1930.
- Building-trades wages
- 1600s (17th century), pp. 5-7.
- 1700s (18th century), pp. 7-11.
- 1776 house carpenters and masons in Rhode Island, p. 36.
- 1800s (19th century), pp. 12-15.
Source: BLS Monthly labor review, Jan 1930.
- School master salaries
Wages in England up through 1779
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Lancaster County, England - Wages by occupation, 1725Source: Labor in Europe and America: a special report..., published 1875, p. 154-155.
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Building trades - Wages in London, 1730-1790Shows wages for carpenters, bricklayers, masons and plumbers in 5-year intervals from 1730-1790. Source: A History of Prices..., Volume I, by Thomas Tooke, p. 98. For estimates of worker earnings based on type and quantity of work completed, see The London and country builder's... complete and universal estimator (1773).
Clearing land, 1773 -
Agricultural labor - Average daily wages in England, 1200-1811Shows averages for each century from 1200 to 1800, expressed in pence (abbreviated "d.") Also shows average daily wages for certain groups of years in the 1700s. Source: A History of Prices... Volume 6, by Thomas Tooke, p. 389.
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Average family income by occupation - England and Wales, 1688Shows annual income in pounds, and gives the average number of persons in each household by occupation of householder (this is indicated by "heads per family.") This source quotes original data published in 1696, p. 161.
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Wages for household occupations - London, 1776Anecdotal evidence of quarterly salaries paid to a household's cook, coachman, footman, house maid and chambermaid, presumably in London. Use with caution; this is from a book which teaches how to keep track of accounts, and the data may just be examples.
Price and wage analysis, 1700s
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Historical purchasing power - UK National ArchivesThis calculator can be used to determine the historical purchasing power of currency in the United Kingdom from 1270 to 2017. Purchasing power is represented in its equivalence in horses, wheat, the yearly wages of a skilled tradesperson, and others.
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"How much is that in real money? A historical price index..."Provides explanations and charts to help users calculate the current value of historic dollar amounts. Source: Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Association, Vol. 101 #2. Source
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Continental paper currency value compared to silver, 1770sShows the decreasing value of continental paper currency for each month from 1777-1781 (p. 21). Another source shows a table indicating the depreciation of continental currency compared to United States bills, p. 17.
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Money of the American colonies and confederation (book)Subtitled "A numismatic, economic and historical correlation," by Philip L. Mossman, published by the American Numismatic Society (c1993).
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Colonial Currency websiteA Project of the Robert H. Gore, Jr. Numismatic Endowment, University of Notre Dame, Department of Special Collections.
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Wage and price controls during the American RevolutionThis article discusses attempts by federal, state and local governments to use price and wage controls to combat inflation during the war. Included is a discussion of the Providence Convention and workers arguments and responses to price ceilings.
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History of wages in the U.S. from colonial timesThis document discusses amounts of work pay and arrangements for work payments. A section on Wage Legislation discusses wage laws in the Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay colonies in the 1600s. A section titled Money and Money Equivalent explains that wages were sometimes paid in agricultural products. The section Colonial Currency tells which currencies (English pounds, Spanish dollars, Dutch florins) were typically used in the various American colonies. A chapter on Indentured Servitude describes the economic backdrop that made this system so prevalent in early America. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Bulletin #604.
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Historical context for earnings in early AmericaSection titled "Earnings from work" in the chapter "Two hundred years of work in America." Source: Employment and training report of the President, 1976.
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Discussion of colonial currency and pricesChapter 4 in History of manufactures in the United States, 1607-1860 provides an overview of the complexities in American colonial currency and prices, pp. 123-143.
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1710s - Economic problems in American coloniesPrimary source explains economics behind the rise of slavery (p. 343) and other societal problems. Title: An addition to the present melancholy circumstances of the province considered, etc. March 6th, 1718, 1719. Exhibiting considerations about labour, commerce, money, notes, or bills of credit.
Prices in the American colonies up through 1779
PRICES for HOUSING and LAND, up through 1779
- Land prices, 1774-1805Shows average prices of cultivated land and unimproved land. Source: Economica: a statistical manual for the United States (1806), p. 60.
- Home building contracts with specs - Massachusetts, 1638-1733Shows house construction prices with specifications such as cellar, chimney, staircase, windows, etc. Click "more..." for detail:
PRICE of BUILDING MATERIALS
- Lumber price, 1641-1792Pine lumber, priced by the thousand feet.
- Lumber prices in MassachusettsPrice for boards, plank, shingles, timber, clapboards, etc. by the foot.
- Brick prices in Massachusetts, 1753-1809Usually priced by the thousand (abbreviated M), but sometimes by the hundred (C).
- Building materials in New Hampshire, 1766Show prices (in pounds) for pitch, tar, turpentine, joists, boards and planks as set by an act passed on July 3, 1766. Source: History of old Chester [N.H.] from 1719 to 1869.
See food prices by colony below.
Prices of items for FARM and HOME, up through 1779
- Prices of candles, soap, lumber, etc. in the colonies, 1600s-1770sIncludes evidence of American colonial consumer prices dating to the 1600s, including a Salem, Massachusetts grocery bill from 1629 showing soap, candles, etc. Source: History of manufactures in the United States, 1607-1860, starting with p. 136.
- New Hampshire prices, 1754-1799Lists entries from merchants' accounts in the Chester, NH area dating from 1754-1799 on pp. 440-442; including bread pans, buckles, buttons, cloth, blankets, tobacco, alum, boards, shingles, staves, nails, indigo, a mill saw, scythes, axes, and hoes. Source: History of old Chester [N.H.] from 1719 to 1869.
- Light, heat and misc. prices - Massachusetts, predating 1780Candles, tallow, firewood prices. Also shows prices of feathers, iron and tubs. Source: Mass. Bureau of Statistics of Labor, 16th ann. rept.
- Home and retail shop inventory listing items and values, 1685 - Salem MARecommended: use the "Search in this text" box to find individual items. Source: An inventory of the contents of the shop and house of Captain George Corwin.
- Expenses of the Washington Headquarters at Valley Forge, 1775-1781Lists expenses of George Washington's household during the Valley Forge encampment, candles and candlesticks, pots, tablecloths, and more.
- Soap and charcoal prices - Rhode Island, 1777Prices were capped by the Rhode Island government in response to wartime inflation.
- Ink price - Philadelphia, 1730James Austin's Persian Ink was advertised at 12 pence per bottle in a June 1730 issue of the Pennsylvania Gazette.
PRICES for OCEAN PASSAGE, up through 1779
- England to Virginia, 1649Passengers were charged £6 per head. Source: Voyage to Virginia by Colonel Norwood, p. 4.
- England to Virginia, mid-1600sAccording to this source, servants could be transported from London to Virginia at a cost of £6 to £8, but sold/indentured upon arrival for £40 to £60. Source: Johns Hopkins University Studies in History and Political Science, article by James Curtis Ballagh, published 1895.
The Mayflower - England to Carolina, 1682This source gives the rate for ocean passage at £5 per adult traveler. Source, p. 35.
- Scotland to New Jersey, ca. 1682Quotes the price of ocean passage at £5 sterling for adults; 50 shillings for children under the age of 10. Emigrants had an option to work off the debt with several years of labor after arrival.
- England to Carolina, 1712Adults were charged £5 to £7 depending on the port of departure. Children went for half price. Source: Profitable advice for rich and poor, p. 72.
- Holland to Pennsylvania, 1750The rate was £10 for adults or £5 for children to travel from Rotterdam to Philadelphia in 1750. Emigrants had an option to work a number of years after arrival to pay off the debt, p. 26.
PRICES for OVERLAND TRAVEL, up through 1779
- Ferry charges and stagecoach fares, 1639-1772Lists geographically scattered examples of the cost to take a stage coach or ferry in colonial times. Source: Story of Railroad Fares, published 1942.
- Travelers' lodging in Philadelphia, ca. 1750Peter (Pehr) Kalm wrote in 1748, "I and the companion of my voyage had a room, candles, beds, attendance, and three meals a day, if we chose to have to many, for twenty shillings per week in Pennsylvania currency. But wood, washing and wine, if required, were to be paid for besides." Source: Travels into North America volume I, p. 31.
- Travelers' meals and lodging - Rhode Island, 1777In 1777, Rhode Island capped the rates for traveler's meals and lodging, due to wartime inflation. Lodging could not exceed 4 pence per night, and supper could not exceed 1 shilling.
- Horse hire in New Hampshire, 1746Report gives the cost (in shillings) of horse hire and horse keeping in New Hampshire, 1746. Source: 1872 New Hampshire Bureau of Labor Statistics.
- Horse hire in Rhode Island, 1777The rate for horse hire was capped at 4 pence per mile in 1777, due to wartime inflation. Source: Rhode Island law.
PRICES for CLOTHING and SHOES, up through 1779
- Prices of textiles and clothing, 1640-1760Prices shown in History of Manufactures in the United States, 1607-1860, pp. 140-143.
- Clothing prices - Rhode Island, 1777The price for a plain, broadcloth suit of clothes was capped at 24 shillings by the Rhode Island government due to wartime inflation. Also lists maximum prices set for shoes and stockings, men's leather breeches and beaver and felt hats, cotton and linen cloth and flannel.
- Shoe and boot prices in Rhode Island, 1754-1772Account book shows prices for finished shoes and dressing boots, as well as cost of materials such as leather, buckles, etc. See preface for context and explanation of monies used.
- Clothing and sewing prices - Massachusetts, 1770sLists prices for hats, stockings, broadcloth, cambric, lawn, satin, chintz, cotton wool, tow cloth, shoes and thread.
PRICES for SERVICES, up through 1779
- Haircut and shave - Prices, 1724 and 1784Some barbers charged for service by the month or quarter rather than by the haircut or shave. Information gleaned from newspapers and manuscripts. Reported in History of wages in the United States from Colonial times to 1928, p.139.
- Shave price - Rhode Island, 1777Barbers were not permitted to charge more than 3 pence for a shave. Source: Rhode Island law dated Dec 31, 1776.
PRICES for HEALTH CARE, up through 1779
- Health care service costs in Philadelphia, late 1700sArticle mentions typical health services for the time frame (child birth, smallpox inoculations, dislocations, etc.) and arrangements for payment when cash was scarce. Actual amounts charged are mentioned anecdotally. Source: Library of Congress blog.
- Medicine in Virginia in the eighteenth centurySee pages 25-29 of this source for examples of medical fees, as found in doctors' account books. For more from this source, use the table of contents or the index then jump to the desired page number.
- Between 1700 and 1725:
Funeral charges - Ranged from £1 to £5
Fees "for physick" - From 1s. 9d. to 3s. for one doctor; 2s. 6d. for another
A single visit - 10s. - Between 1750 and 1770:
Sickness and funeral charges - £4
Midwifery - £1
Rum for lying in - 3s.
Physick in sickness - 3s.
Cutting off an arm - 500 lbs tobacco
Antispasmodick julep - 2s. 6d.
Blisters - 3s.
Stomach decoction - 2s. 6d.
Pectoral mixture - 2s. 6d.
Emetic tincture - 2s. 6d.
Purging powder - 1s. 6d.
Paragorick draught - 1s. 6d.
Purging pills - 2s.
Oil of sweet almond - 1s. 6d.
Restringent tincture - 1s. 6d. - In 1772:
A visit - £1 - £5 for one doctor; 10s. for another
Saline julep - 8s.
A "mixture" - 10s.
Amputating an arm or a leg - £7 10s.
A "guaranteed cure" - £12 - £15 - In 1779:
One doctor advertised his charges as "a visit in town in the day five shillings; an emetic, two shillings, six pence; either in commodities that he needs or in Tobacco at twenty shillings per hundred weight, or money."
- Between 1700 and 1725:
PRICES for TOBACCO, up through 1779
- Tobacco and snuff prices - MassachusettsCigar prices per dozen, and tobacco and snuff by the pound or (sometimes) ounce, p. 149.
- Tobacco price - Maryland, 1659-1775Also includes the price of Chesapeake tobacco from 1618-1658. Expressed in pence sterling per pound of tobacco. Source: Historical statistics of the United States: Colonial times to 1970.
- Tobacco price - Rhode Island, 1777The Rhode Island government capped the price of tobacco in response to wartime inflation.
- Animal prices in Rhode Island, 1750-1781Transcribed from an original account book, this source shows the cost of farm animals such as oxen, work horses, trotting mares, milk cows, sheep, hogs, pigs and geese in the vicinity of South Kingston, Washington County, RI. The preface provides additional context and explains the money systems (old tenor, new tenor, lawful money, etc.)
- Prices paid by George Washington, 1750s-1790sSearchable by keyword and by year of transaction, this database shows George Washington's household accounting records, listing the prices he paid for goods and services from the 1750s-1790s. Source: George Washington Financial Papers Project.
- Price of an ounce of silver in Boston, 1700 - 1749Expressed in paper shillings per ounce. Source: Historical statistics of the United States: colonial times - 1970
- Prices of selected commodities in Philadelphia, 1720-1775Shows the wholesale prices of 20 different commodities including corn, tobacco, beef, rum, cotton and more during the pre-revolutionary period. Source: Historical statistics of the United States: colonial times - 1970
Food prices in the American colonies up to 1779
- Food prices in Massachusetts, 1700s
Source: Massachusetts Bureau of Statistics of Labor, 16th annual report. Shows both retail and wholesale prices.- Dairy products - Butter, eggs, cheese and milk.
- Flour, meal, rye meal
- Fruits, vegetables and grains
- Meats - Beef, mutton, pork and veal.
- Turkey
- Fish - price for 100 pounds in 1757 and 1763
- Cider and rum
- Food preparations - Biscuits, molasses, sugar, tea, salt.
- Beer price in Massachusetts, 1667 and 1670
"Beer of the best quality sold at one and half pence per quart" in 1667 according to One Hundred Years of Brewing, p.141, column 1. This is corroborated by a government report which quotes a 1670 law indicating: "when malt is under 4 [shillings] per bushel then to sell [beer] no less than one quarte for 1½ pence" (source).
See colonial-era prices for- Food prices in Connecticut, 1770s
A farm family's account book shows a wide variety of items that were purchased, along with prices. Source: "Farm prices in two centuries," Report of the Statistician, USDA, p. 337.
- Food prices in Philadelphia, 1779
In 1779, Philadelphia set price ceilings on certain foods, wine, rum, tea, spices and other goods such as candles and soap. Similar information is repeated in an alternate source. - Food expenses reported at Valley Forge PA, 1777-1778
Shows prices paid at George Washington's headquarters for beer, cider, rum, tea, geese, turkeys, fowls, rabbits, pigeons, chickens, duck, ham, lamb, roasting pigs, venison, fish, eggs, apples, butter, strawberries, potatoes, sugar, sprouts, parsnips, cabbage, carrots, and more. Source: Washington's headquarters, Valley Forge National Historical Park, 1989. Appendix VIII (pp. 223-242) shows full expense accounts.
- Food prices in Rhode Island, 1750-1781
Price of foods including veal, oats, barley, apples, turnips, beans, tea, spices, chocolate in 1768 and 1771, rum in 1766 and more, transcribed from an original account book of Thomas Hazard of South Kingston, Washington County RI. The preface of this book tells the context and provides some explanation of the various currency used over time -- old tenor, new tenor, lawful money, etc. - Price ceilings established in Rhode Island (1777) due to wartime inflation:
Wheat, corn, rye, pork, beef, salt, rum, sugar, molasses, cheese, butter, peas, beans, potatoes, salted pork, coffee, oats, turkeys, fowls, potatoes, cocoa, milk. Source: Rhode Island law.
- New Hampshire prices, 1673-1777The 1872 New Hampshire BLS report shows prices dating as far back as the 1600s.
- From 1673 to 1690 and in 1700 - Corn, beans, apples, turnips, rye, malt, cheese, beef, pork, sugar, etc.
- 1730s - cider, rum, tea, etc.
- 1740s
- 1750s
- 1767 - Corn, rye, pork, salt shad, beans
- 1777 - Prices established by the General Assembly (see original recommendations): The New Hampshire legislature fixed prices in 1777 due to economic turmoil caused by the Revolutionary War. Shows prices of various food items, "meals at taverns" and more.
- Bread price in New York, 1770s
The price of bread was capped from 1777-1783 in response to inflation. Source: Colonial records of the New York Chamber of Commerce, pp. 349-350.
- Prices of butter, beef and pork in the American colonies, 1633-1749
Prices by the pound expressed in shillings and pence with the American currency equivalent. Source: U.S. BLS Bulletin no. 604, p.20. - Prices of commodities used as barter, 1630-1750
Laborers were sometimes paid in provisions rather than cash. This chart shows the value of corn, wheat, butter, beef and pork. Source: Source: U.S. BLS Bulletin no. 604, p.19. - Flour price per hundredweight, 1722-1778
Source: History of manufactures in the U.S., 1607-1860, p. 594.
Foreign prices by country - 1700s
ENGLAND
- Food and rent in England by village, 1768Shows food prices and annual expenditures for house rent, household fuel and tools by towns and local areas. Source: Labor in Europe and America: a special report..., pp. 161-162 (pub. 1876).
- Food and rent in England - 1770, 1850 and 1878Compares the price of bread, meat and butter, as well as the rent for a laborer's cottage and rent of cultivated land per acre. Includes farm labor wages as well. All amounts expressed in shillings. Source: Commercial relations of the U.S. with foreign countries (1878), p. 351.
- Farm houses, cost to build - England, 1759Itemizes the cost to build country houses in England. Includes floor plans and measurements. Source: Twelve beautiful designs for farm-houses (1759).
- English home values and rents, 1756This 1756 proposal for property taxation categorizes dwellings in England at the time, giving rough estimates of how much it cost to rent dwellings of various sizes.
- Clothing prices in Warwickshire, England - 1700sLists prices of men's and women's clothing and shoes. Source: One hundred years of poor law administration in a Warwickshire, pp. 179-181.
- Food, beer, candle and coal prices - London, 1740-1865Shows the prices paid by Greenwich Hospital for meat, bread, flour, cheese, butter, beer, candles and coal in each decade from 1740-1860, and 1865. Also shows average weekly wages for building trade occupations in shillings and pence. Source: Wages and earnings of the working class, published in London, 1867, p. 128.
- Dish prices - Staffordshire potteries, 1770Shows minimum prices for Staffordshire dinnerware as of 1770. Source: History of the Staffordshire potteries, p. 207.
- Bread prices in England, 1749-1783Shows average prices of bread in England for each year from 1660-1899 on pages 27-35. Source: Three Centuries of Prices of Wheat, Flour and Bread. The introduction to this table explains that these prices are for the type of bread consumed by lower middle classes, not the "fancy bread." Price sources are provided on page 21-22.
- Bread prices in London, 1758-1815Source: Report on wholesale and retail prices in the United Kingdom..., pp. 214-219.
CANADA
- Canada - Nova Scotia - Prices in 1770sPrices of land and estates with descriptions on pp. 40-48. Food prices at the weekly market in Halifax, p. 7. Inn prices for a night's stay and meals, along with beer and cider price, pages 6 and 8. Source: Journey through Nova Scotia by Robinson and Rispin, published 1774.
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Marie Concannon, Government Information Librarian
Government Documents Department, Ellis Library
University of Missouri, Columbia
Email: concannonm@missouri.edu
Phone (573) 882-0748
