Critically appraise your article by answering questions on these worksheets. Worksheets are available for different types of studies: systematic reviews, therapy, diagnosis, etc.
This is chapter 37 of the first edition of Intuitive Biostatistics by Harvey Motulsky. This book has discussed many different statistical tests. To select the right test, ask yourself two questions: What kind of data have you collected? What is your goal? Then refer to Table 37.1.
Basic and Clinical Biostatistics
How to Read a Paper: the basics of evidence based medicine by 
Medical Statistics from Scratch by 
Users' Guides to the Medical Literature: a Manual for Evidence-Based Clinical Practice, 3E by 