Negro, Black and African-American Census Reports: Multi-Decade Reports

A century of change: the U.S. labor force, 1950–2050 
BLS

All parent/child situations by type, race, and Hispanic origin of the householder or reference person: 1970 to present.
Census Bureau (Excel file)

Cramer, C. E. (1997). Black demographic data, 1790-1860: A sourcebook. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press.
WorldCat

The Changing Economics and Demographics of Young Adulthood, 1975-2016
Census Bureau

Differences between incomes of white and negro families by work experience of wife and region: 1959, 1969, 1970 (P23-39)
Hathi Trust 

Education of the Negro, 1869-1903. Office of Education.
Hathi Trust

Employment and Income of Negro Workers - 1940-52
BLS

The Great Migration of Afro-Americans, 1915-40 1987
BLS

The Great Migration, 1910 to 1970 (Infographic)
Census Bureau  

A Half-Century of Learning: Historical Statistics on Educational Attainment in the United States, 1940 to 2000
Census Bureau

Historical Census Population Totals, 1790 to 1990 for Large Cities
Census Bureau

Historical census statistics on population totals by race, 1790 to 1990, and by Hispanic origin, 1970 to 1990, for large cities and other urban places in the United States
Census Bureau

Historical Households Tables: (years vary by table)
Census Bureau

Historical Income Tables: Families: 2002-2015
Census Bureau

Historical Income Tables: Households 2002 to 2015
Census Bureau

Historical Income Tables - Income Inequality
Census Bureau

Historical Income Tables: People: 1948-2015 (varies)
Census Bureau

Historical Living Arrangements of Children: 1960 to 2014
Census Bureau

Historical Marital Status Tables (1950-2017)
Census Bureau

Health Insurance Historical Tables (2008-2016)
Census Bureau

Elliott, D. B. (2013). Historical marriage trends from 1890-2010.
Census Bureau
WorldCat

Historical Poverty Tables: People and Families - 1959 to 2017
Census Bureau

Smith, J. C., & Horton, C. (1995). Historical statistics of Black America. New York: Gale Research.
WorldCat

Households, Families, and Children: A 30-Year Perspective (P-23-181)
Census Bureau 

Schachter, J., & U.S. Census Bureau. (2003). Migration by race and Hispanic origin: 1995 to 2000. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Census Bureau.
Census Bureau
WorldCat

United States. (1921). The Negro at work during the World War and during reconstruction: Statistics, problems, and policies relating to the greater inclusion of Negro wage earners in American industry and agriculture. Washington: G.P.O.
Hathi Trust
WorldCat

United States & National Archives (U.S.). (1888). The Negro in the military service of the United States, 1639-1886. Washington: Adjutant General's Office.
WorldCat

Negro Population, 1790-1915. John Cummings, Joseph A. Hill. United States. Bureau of the Census. C 3.2:N 31
Census Bureau

United States., & Hall, C. E. (1969). Negroes in the United States, 1920-1932. New York: Arno Press.
Hathi Trust
WorldCat

Forstall, R. L., & United States. (1996). Population of states and counties of the United States: 1790 to 1990: From the twenty-one decennial censuses. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Population Division.
WorldCat

Population of the United States: Trends and Prospects, 1950-1990.
Hathi Trust

Racial and Ethnics Residential Segregation in the United States: 1980-2000 (CENSR-3)
Census Bureau

Hochschild, J. L., & Powell, B. M. (May 29, 2008). Racial reorganization and the United States census 1850-1930: Mulattoes, half-breeds, mixed parentage, hindoos, and the Mexican race. Studies in American Political Development, 22, 1, 59-96.
WorldCat

Social and economic status of the black population in the United States: An historical view, 1790-1978 (P23-80)
ERIC 

Statistics of Negro colleges and universities : students staff, and finances, 1900-1950 / Washington, D.C. : Federal Security Agency, Office of Education, 1951. also by Henry G. Badger
Hathi Trust

Trends in Premarital Childbearing: 1930 to 1994 (P-23-197)
Census Bureau

Twenty Censuses: Population and Housing Questions: 1790-1980. Bureau of the Census. Washington, D.C. 1979.
Census Bureau

Vital Statistics of the United States, 1937-1993 (separate volumes)
HathiTrust

Voting and Registration Highlights from the Current Population Survey: 1964 to 1980 (P-23-131)
Census Bureau

Workers with Low Earnings: 1964 to 1990 (P-60-178)
Census Bureau